The rucksacks, pledged by the SNP earlier this year, will be made of recycled materials, have multiple compartments and pockets and will contain school essentials such as a pencil case, a water bottle and books.
Children can personalise the bags by drawing their own designs and placing them inside "window" slots on the front and back.
The Scottish government said the bags will help cut the cost for families as children start school and ensure children get the best start in education.
The SNP unveiled the plan for the "welcome to school bag" in its manifesto for the Scottish Parliament election in April.
It follows a similar principle to the baby box which was introduced by Nicola Sturgeon in 2017.
Every new mother in Scotland is entitled to a baby box, which is delivered a few weeks before the baby's due date, and contains items such as clothes, books and blankets.
The cardboard boxes also include a mattress and can be used for babies to sleep in as an alternative to a crib.
Concerns had been raised about the chaos of multiple children owning the same schoolbag.
Education Secretary Màiri McAllan said discussions with children, families and teachers will inform the final design, contents and colour options.
But she added each rucksack will have a window for children to draw a design and she intends for pupils to be able to choose the colour of their school bag.
About 47,000 children starting primary one are expected to receive the rucksack next year.
It will sit alongside other benefits such as the Scottish child payment and school clothing grant, which are means tested, and universal free schools meals for primary one to five pupils.
Each rucksack will contain:
a pencil case
stationery including pens, pencils, coloured crayons and a notebook
a water bottle
resources to encourage reading, writing and maths practice at home
McAllan said it is possible to opt out of receiving the school bag, but it is part of the Scottish government's provision to give children the best start in life.
"There is no better investment we can make than ensuring young people have everything they need," she told BBC Scotland News.
"It is about providing an equalising start to school and saying 'welcome to school' on the same footing as everyone else."
She added costs and distribution will be confirmed following the procurement process.