The Home Secretary Shabana Mahmood has been forced to back down over proposals to make care workers wait 15 years to qualify for permanent residence.
Under the Government’s reworked plans governing Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR), care workers who were in the country before May 2025 and who meet certain conditions will be able to settle after five years.
Workers in a set list of public service jobs – such as doctors, nurses and teachers – will also be able to qualify for ILR after five years, even if they do not meet the standard salary threshold.
Why Martha Stewart apologised for her Halloween costume

Martha Stewart has apologised for dressing as a homeless person for Halloween, and admitted she “really screwed up”.
The 85-year-old lifestyle guru, who is worth roughly $400m, posted a now deleted photo of herself wearing torn clothes, dirt on her face and a sign saying “I am hungry help me!!!”
Stewart’s apology
It’s hard to admit when you’ve really screwed up. My earlier statement didn’t go far enough. I know many people are suffering economically. Wearing a costume like I did was insensitive and not funny. I am very sorry.
martha stewart

Stewart’s career
Stewart gained a reputation as a domestic authority in the 1980s after publishing a series of lifestyle books.
She founded her highly successful magazine in 1990, which led to the launch of her eponymous lifestyle TV show three years later.

- In 2004 she was sentenced to five months in prison after being found guilty of lying about the nature of a stock sale three years prior.
How fake alerts for nuclear warning were sent in Ukraine
Millions of Ukrainians were told that a Russian nuclear strike was imminent after a suspected cyber attack by Moscow.
Four messages, posted to Ukraine’s nationwide Air Alert app at 10.48pm on Sunday, warned about an incoming strike by one of Moscow’s Oreshnik missiles – but it wasn’t true.

Hackers interfere with app
Unknown hackers had interfered with the app, causing the system to send false notifications, according to the Ukrainian air force.
The app is used to share real-time warnings about Russian air strikes to roughly seven million people.


Millions thrown into panic
The Air Alert app appears to have been subjected to enemy influence.
In a post on Telegram, the Ukrainian air force said the app had been hacked and that there was “no radiation threat”. It is believed to be the first time it has been hacked.

The false warnings sent on Sunday night included one posted in Russian, which said: “Don’t worry, an Oreshnik is overhead! A nuclear alert has been activated across Ukraine.”
Russia also hit by cyber attack
There was a separate alert warning of radiation fallout, which instructed Ukrainians to shelter inside, wear a gas mask and consume iodine.
A chemical attack and street fighting alert also went off, ordering residents to seek the closest shelter and cover their faces.


Russia said the mobile app for its emergencies ministry had also been hit by a cyber attack. The ministry was working to restore the app, Russian state media said.

Five teenagers stabbed at Halloween party – what we know
Five teenagers have been seriously injured after being stabbed at a Halloween party in Hampshire, police have said.
The force has appealed for witnesses and anyone with information to come forward.
What we know so far
- Officers were called to Park Road in Chandler’s Ford, near Eastleigh, shortly after 10.30pm on Saturday.
- Hampshire Police said it believes an unknown group gained entry to a party before the stabbings.
- An eyewitness told the BBC they saw someone running out of the house shouting he had been stabbed, and that he was being chased by two people.
- The injured teens – three boys aged 16 and two aged 17 – were taken to hospital.
- Another eyewitness said ambulances and an air ambulance had attended.
- A police cordon remained in place on Sunday while officers continued their investigation.
My thoughts are with the parents of the boys, the boys and the whole community.
Senior investigating officer Det Ch Insp Elizabeth Pirie acknowledged the impact on local residents.

Eastleigh MP Liz Jarvis told the BBC: “The community is in shock this morning that such an awful thing could have occurred.”
Virgin Media O2 plans major job cuts – what we know

Virgin Media O2 is set to cull thousands of jobs as the telecoms giant attempts to plug billions of pounds of debt and navigate a market with increasingly cheaper rivals.
Here is everything we know so far.
Mounting debt and competition
Virgin Media O2’s total debt stands at £27.2bn, according to its latest accounts.
The broadband provider is also tackling competition from smaller, cheaper providers like Hyperoptic, Community Fibre, Gigaclear and YouFibre, as well as behemoths like BT.
BT recently inked a deal to buy rival TalkTalk, which Virgin Media O2 has firmly opposed.
Senior leadership changes under way
Virgin Media O2 has not finalised the number of roles to be cut, but it is likely to be a large chunk of its 16,000-strong workforce, the BBC reported.
The majority of the affected roles are not customer-facing and a number of senior leadership changes are already under way.


Virgin Media O2 is also expected to review its use of contractors and suppliers alongside the job cuts.
Union working to ‘mitigate number of redundancies’
Disappointing and very unsettling.
Virgin Media O2 declined to comment. The Prospect union, which represents staff, called the cuts “disappointing and very unsettling”.

Prospect’s Noel McClean said the union was “working with employers to explore ways to mitigate the number of redundancies”.
How varying your bedtime could be bad for your heart

Varying your bedtime – including staying up late on weekends or doing shift work – could be bad for your heart and increase the risk of strokes, according to new research.
Sleep experts also found that varying the length of sleep too much – like having a long lie-in or pulling an all-nighter, may also have poor health outcomes.
Increased risk of heart problems
The study looked at several factors: how many hours a person slept each night, how much of the night was spent in light, deep and REM sleep, as well as how long a person was awake after first falling asleep.
- Researchers also looked at whether sleep duration, bedtime and wake-up time changed from night to night over roughly six months, as well as the usual times a person fell asleep and woke up.
- The number of “sleep cycles” completed each night were also examined.
- The results showed changes in sleep timing from night to night were linked to a 20 to 23 per cent higher risk of a heart attack, stroke and heart failure.
While we often focus on getting a full eight hours of sleep every night, having a regular sleep schedule – consistent , wake times, and sleep duration from night to night – is a practical, actionable step anyone can take that may help protect their heart and blood vessels.
Dr Nguyen Minh Tuan Viet, a neuroscientist and Lead researcher ON THE STUDY

A closer look at the study
Researchers analysed sleep data from more than 10,000 adults as part of the National Institutes of Health’s All of Us research programme in the US.


Participants, who had an average age of 53 and had no signs of a heart or metabolic disease, wore sleep tracking devices for around six months.
They were then followed for almost four years to see if they suffered heart issues.
The effects
- 1Every 29-minute increase in sleep from night to night was also linked with a 29 per cent higher risk of having a disease of the heart muscle, which leaves the heart unable to pump enough blood through the body, and a 20 per cent higher risk of heart failure.
- 2Meanwhile, having a greater number of complete “sleep cycles” each night led to a 28 per cent lower risk of atrial arrhythmia, a common type of irregular heartbeat.
- 3In contrast, sleeping longer than usual was linked to a 55 per cent higher risk of heart attack or stroke.
Pandemic potential
While scientists have long recognised the pandemic potential of bird flu, the presence in minks takes the threat status to the next level, says Professor Wendy Barclay, a virologist at Imperial College London.
“This creates an even higher risk to humans than before,” she said.

How the virus could evolve

Minks’ nose and lungs are similar to humans’ – so much so that closely related ferrets are used in research instead of people.
While for most people, flu is relatively mild, the infection causes a surge of deaths every winter.


And every so often, the virus undergoes some major genetic changes leading to a higher toll, which gets called a pandemic flu.
Not easily spread
Bird flu has occasionally spread to poultry farms, as well as some dairy farms in the US. So far, there have been a small number of farm workers who have caught bird flu from animals and died.


Because the virus is adapted to birds, this strain of flu does not seem to spread easily from person to person. But previous research suggests that one genetic change to strains found on US dairy farms could improve transmission to humans.
Autumn outbreak is a red flag
Another worry is that the mink could be perfect incubators, allowing different flu strains to swap genes. Called reassortment, this process is known to have triggered previous human pandemics, including the one in 2009.
Mink can harbour both human and bird flu strains. The fact this mink outbreak is happening in autumn, when human seasonal flu rises, is also a red flag, says Dr Simon Williams, a public health researcher at Swansea University.
He said: “It increases the risk of a virus with pandemic potential reassorting in somebody working on that farm who has seasonal flu.”
Flu pandemic preparations
- The UK Health Security Agency declined to comment on whether it had taken any specific measures in response to the mink outbreak when asked by The i Paper.
- But the agency’s Dr Richard Puleston said it “stands ready to initiate an appropriate public health response” if needed.
- As of 2025, the NHS fortunately had £25m worth of PPE stockpiled following the Covid-19 pandemic. Rapid diagnostic tests also shouldn’t be overlooked in terms of the UK’s ability to combat an outbreak.
It is part of a new system which will enable the highest earners to get permanent residence after three years, but where some small boat migrants could be forced to wait up to 30 years.
Mahmood’s concessions appear to have averted a major backbench rebellion – but they may still face a backlash as MPs pore over the details.
Routes to settlement over three, five, 10 or 20 years
Under the new system, legal migrants will be able to settle on the following timelines:
3 years: additional rate taxpayers earning over £125,141, as well as highly skilled individuals on Global Talent and Innovator Founder visas.
5 years: higher rate taxpayers earning over £50,271, as well as skilled public service workers (see full list below).
10 years: the new standard route for everyone else.
20 years: anyone who claims certain benefits while in the UK or commits a visa offence.
Carve out for care workers
After a backlash from Labour MPs over the proposal to make social care workers already in the country wait 15 years for permanent residence, Mahmood has introduced a carve out for care workers already in the country.
Under the “transitional arrangement”, care workers who arrived in the country before May 2025 – when the Government published its Immigration White Paper, which included a commitment to extend the timeline for ILR – will be able to qualify after five years so long as they have met their visa conditions and earned at least £25,000 a year.
The same will also apply to a small group of existing workers in other public services who arrived before May 2025, such as nursing auxiliaries and teaching assistants.
However, the Government said that the care worker route had also been abused, with some “rogue” companies sponsoring workers for jobs that did not exist.
To give a “second chance” to people in this category – which the Home Office estimates to be around a quarter of the total who arrived before May 2025 – these individuals will be able to apply for a new five-year Health and Care visa, restricted to “genuine work” in the sector. After this period, they will also be able to apply for settlement.
Care workers who arrived after May 2025 will have to wait 10 years before they can earn ILR.
Four ‘non-negotiable’ conditions
Anyone seeking settlement, regardless of when they arrived in the country, will also have to meet four “non-negotiable” conditions:
- A spotless criminal record (up from the current threshold where someone can qualify with up to a 12-month suspended sentence)
- Spoken English equivalent to A-level English as a foreign language
- No debt owed to the taxpayer
- A record of sustained National Insurance contributions
New rules for refugees
Mahmood has also introduced new pathways to settlement for refugees ranging from five years to as high as 30.
5 years: for individuals who arrived via safe and legal routes.
10 years: for those who did not arrive by small boat and have entered work or study.
20 years: for refugees who did not arrive by small boat and have not entered work or study, as well as those who arrived by small boat and have entered work or study.
30 years: for individuals who arrived by small boat or via another illegal route, and who do not enter work or study.
How many people will be affected by the new rules?
The Government said the reforms would result in more than 500,000 people having to wait longer than the current five year wait to settle, with the Department for Work and Pensions calculating this will reduce the welfare bill by “billions”.
Mahmood said: “Settled status is one of the most valuable rights this country can offer. Until now it has been given almost automatically.
“From today, it must be earned. Those who contribute most will settle fastest. Those who don’t play by the rules will be refused or wait much longer.
“This policy creates a migration system that is fair: fair to those who come here and play their part, and fair to British citizens already here, who must not be asked to bear a greater burden.”
Public service workers earning below £50,271 will be able to apply for settlement after five years in the following occupations
Generalist medical practitioners
Specialist medical practitioners
Occupational therapists
Speech and language therapists
Psychotherapists and cognitive behaviour therapists
Clinical psychologists
Other psychologists
Therapy professionals not elsewhere classified
Midwifery nurses
Registered community nurses
Registered specialist nurses
Registered nurse practitioners
Registered mental health nurses
Registered children’s nurses
Other registered nursing professionals
Dental practitioners
Medical radiographers
Other health professionals not elsewhere classified
Further education teaching professionals
Secondary education teaching professionals












